旋塞閥是啟閉件(塞子)由閥桿帶動(dòng)，并繞閥桿的軸線做旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的閥門。旋塞閥是最早被人們用來截流的閥類。通過旋轉(zhuǎn)90°使旋塞上的通道口與閥體上的通道口接通或斷開來完成閥的開啟和關(guān)閉。

　　A plug valve is a valve whose opening and closing member (plug) is driven by the valve stem and rotates around the axis of the valve stem. Plug valves were the earliest valves used by people to intercept water. By rotating 90 ° to connect or disconnect the channel port on the plug with the channel port on the valve body, the valve is opened and closed.

　　旋塞閥最適宜作為截?cái)嘟橘|(zhì)以及分流使用。但依據(jù)使用的性質(zhì)與密封面耐沖蝕性，通過特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)以及改變旋塞的通道形狀，可以用于節(jié)流工況。由于旋塞閥密封面之間運(yùn)動(dòng)帶有擦拭作用，且在全啟動(dòng)時(shí)可完全防止與流動(dòng)介質(zhì)的接觸，故通常也能夠用于帶懸浮顆粒的介質(zhì)。旋塞閥優(yōu)點(diǎn)：①結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，零件少，體積小、重量輕。②流體阻力小，介質(zhì)流經(jīng)旋塞閥時(shí)，流體通道可以不縮小，也不改變流向，因而流體阻力小。③啟閉迅速，介質(zhì)流動(dòng)方向不受限制。只需旋轉(zhuǎn)90旋塞即可完成啟閉，十分方便。

　　Plug valves are most suitable for cutting off media and diverting flow. However, based on the nature of use and the erosion resistance of the sealing surface, it can be used for throttling conditions through special structural design and changing the channel shape of the plug. Due to the wiping effect of the movement between the sealing surfaces of the plug valve and the complete prevention of contact with the flowing medium during full start-up, it can usually also be used for media with suspended particles. Advantages of plug valves: ① Simple structure, few parts, small volume, and light weight. ② The fluid resistance is small, and when the medium flows through the plug valve, the fluid channel can remain unchanged without narrowing or changing direction, resulting in low fluid resistance. ③ Quick opening and closing, unrestricted flow direction of the medium. Simply rotate the 90 degree plug to complete the opening and closing process, which is very convenient.

　　旋塞閥缺點(diǎn)：①啟閉力矩大。旋塞閥閥體和旋塞之間，其接觸密封面較大，所以啟閉力矩較大。如采用有潤(rùn)滑的結(jié)構(gòu)，或在啟閉時(shí)能先提升旋塞，則可大大地減小啟閉力矩。② 密封面為錐面，密封面較大，易磨損;高溫下易產(chǎn)生變形而被卡住。③錐面研磨加工要求較高，難以保證密封，且不易維修。旋塞閥結(jié)構(gòu)：旋塞閥的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，主要由閥體、旋塞和填料壓蓋等部件組成。簡(jiǎn)單的旋塞閥連填料壓蓋和填料也沒有，僅有閥體和旋塞。

　　Disadvantages of plug valves: ① Large opening and closing torque. The contact sealing surface between the valve body and the plug is relatively large, so the opening and closing torque is relatively large. If a lubricated structure is used, or if the plug can be raised first during opening and closing, the opening and closing torque can be greatly reduced. ② The sealing surface is a conical surface, which is relatively large and prone to wear and tear; It is easy to deform and get stuck at high temperatures. ③ The requirements for cone grinding processing are high, making it difficult to ensure sealing and maintenance. Plug valve structure: The structure of a plug valve is simple, mainly composed of components such as valve body, plug, and packing cover. A simple plug valve does not have a packing gland or packing, only a valve body and plug.

　　(1)閥體旋塞閥的閥體有直通式、三通式和四通式等形式。直通式旋塞閥用于截?cái)嘟橘|(zhì)，閥體有成一直線的進(jìn)、出口通道。三通和四通旋塞閥用于改變介質(zhì)流動(dòng)方向或進(jìn)行介質(zhì)分配。旋塞閥的閥體都是鑄造而成的。三通式旋塞閥的旋塞通道為L(zhǎng)形或T形。

　　(1) The valve body of a valve plug valve comes in various forms such as straight through, three-way, and four-way. A straight through plug valve is used to cut off media, and the valve body has straight inlet and outlet channels. Three way and four-way plug valves are used to change the direction of medium flow or distribute medium. The valve bodies of plug valves are all cast. The plug channel of the three-way plug valve is L-shaped or T-shaped.

　　(2)旋塞旋塞是旋塞閥的啟閉件，呈圓柱形或圓錐形。圓柱形旋塞其通道截面呈矩形或圓形，圓錐形旋塞其通道截面呈矩形、梯形或圓形。這些形狀使得旋塞閥的結(jié)構(gòu)變得緊湊和輕巧，但卻造成一定的壓降。如果將旋塞的通道的形狀適當(dāng)變換，旋塞閥可以作為流量調(diào)節(jié)閥使用，能夠得到很好的調(diào)節(jié)精度。

　　(2) A plug valve is the opening and closing component of a plug valve, which is cylindrical or conical in shape. The cylindrical plug has a rectangular or circular channel cross-section, while the conical plug has a rectangular, trapezoidal, or circular channel cross-section. These shapes make the structure of the plug valve compact and lightweight, but they cause a certain pressure drop. If the shape of the channel of the plug valve is appropriately changed, the plug valve can be used as a flow control valve, which can achieve good adjustment accuracy.

　　旋塞閥的旋塞可以與閥桿是一體的，旋塞頂部加工出方頭，套上扳手即可進(jìn)行啟閉。旋塞與閥體的密封面必須緊密接觸，才能達(dá)到密封的目的。因而對(duì)閥體與旋塞密封面的幾何尺寸加工精度要求很高，表面粗糙度等級(jí)要求也很高，這樣才能配合得很好。對(duì)于錐形旋塞閥而言，為保證密封，必須沿旋塞軸線方向施加作用力，使旋塞壓緊在閥體上，從而在閥體密封面間形成一定的密封比壓，實(shí)現(xiàn)密封。

　　The plug of the plug valve can be integrated with the valve stem, and a square head is machined on the top of the plug, which can be opened and closed with a wrench. The sealing surface of the plug and valve body must be in close contact to achieve the purpose of sealing. Therefore, high precision is required for the geometric dimensions and surface roughness level of the valve body and plug sealing surface, in order to achieve a good fit. For conical plug valves, in order to ensure sealing, a force must be applied along the axis of the plug to press the plug against the valve body, thereby forming a certain sealing pressure between the sealing surfaces of the valve body and achieving sealing.

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